GB51348-2019······1

1 總則······27

2 術(shù)語和縮略語······28

2.1 術(shù)語······28

2.2 縮略語······33

3 供配電系統(tǒng)······35

3.1 一般規(guī)定······35

3.2 負荷分級及供電要求······35

3.3 電源及供配電系統(tǒng)······37

3.4 電壓等級選擇和電能質(zhì)量······39

3.5 負荷計算······41

3.6 無功補償······42

4 變電所······43

4.1 一般規(guī)定······43

4.2 所址選擇······43

4.3 配電變壓器選擇······44

4.4 主接線及電器選擇······45

4.5 變電所型式和布置······47

4.6 35kV、20kV、10kV 配電裝置······50

4.7 低壓配電裝置······51

4.8 并聯(lián)電力電容器裝置······52

4.9 所用電源及操作電源······53

4.10 對土建專業(yè)的要求······54

4.11 對暖通及給水排水專業(yè)的要求······55

5 繼電保護、自動裝置及電氣測量······57

5.1 一般規(guī)定······57

5.2 繼電保護的基本規(guī)定······57

5.3 配電變壓器保護······59

5.4 20kV 或 10kV 線路保護······61

5.5 35kV 線路保護······62

5.6 35kV、20kV 或 10kV 母線分段斷路器保護······63

5.7 并聯(lián)電容器保護······63

5.8 10kV 異步電動機（電動機容量＜2MW）保護······65

5.9 備用電源自動投入裝置······66

5.10 應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組與正常電源的切換······66

5.11 數(shù)字式綜合保護裝置······67

5.12 變電站綜合自動化系統(tǒng)······68

5.13 二次回路······69

5.14 中央信號裝置······71

5.15 電氣測量······73

5.16 電能計量······76

6 自備電源······79

6.1 自備柴油發(fā)電機組······79

6.2 應(yīng)急電源······87

6.3 不間斷電源······88

7 低壓配電······90

7.1 一般規(guī)定······90

7.2 低壓配電系統(tǒng)······90

7.3 特低電壓配電······92

7.4 導(dǎo)體選擇······94

7.5 低壓電器的選擇······99

7.6 低壓配電線路的保護······102

7.7 低壓配電系統(tǒng)的電擊防護······106

8 配電線路布線系統(tǒng)······113

8.1 一般規(guī)定······113

8.2 直敷布線······114

8.3 剛性金屬導(dǎo)管布線······114

8.4 可彎曲金屬導(dǎo)管布線······115

8.5 電纜橋架布線······116

8.6 剛性塑料導(dǎo)管（槽）布線······118

8.7 電力電纜布線······119

8.8 預(yù)制分支電纜布線······125

8.9 耐火電纜和礦物絕緣電纜布線······126

8.10 母線槽布線······127

8.11 電氣豎井內(nèi)布線······127

8.12 鋁合金電纜布線······129

8.13 照明母線槽布線······130

9 常用設(shè)備電氣裝置······132

9.1 一般規(guī)定······132

9.2 電動機······132

9.3 電梯、自動扶梯和自動人行道······140

9.4 自動旋轉(zhuǎn)門、電動門、電動卷簾門和電動伸縮門窗······142

9.5 舞臺用電及放映設(shè)備······143

9.6 醫(yī)用設(shè)備······146

9.7 交流充電樁······147

9.8 其他用電設(shè)備······149

10 電氣照明······152

10.1 一般規(guī)定······152

10.2 照明方式與種類······152

10.3 照度水平與照明質(zhì)量······155

10.4 應(yīng)急照明······158

10.5 照明光源與燈具······160

10.6 照明供電與控制······161

10.7 景觀照明······163

11 民用建筑物防雷······166

11.1 一般規(guī)定······166

11.2 建筑物的防雷分類······167

11.3 第二類防雷建筑物的雷電防護措施······168

11.4 第三類防雷建筑物的雷電防護措施······171

11.5 其他防雷保護措施······174

11.6 接閃器······177

11.7 引下線······180

11.8 接地網(wǎng)······181

11.9 雷電電磁脈沖防護······183

11.10 防雷裝置的材料要求······189

12 電氣裝置接地和特殊場所的電氣安全防護······195

12.1 一般規(guī)定······195

12.2 交流電氣裝置接地的范圍······195

12.3 交流電氣裝置的接地和接地電阻······196

12.4 低壓配電系統(tǒng)的接地形式和基本要求······197

12.5 接地裝置······200

12.6 通用用電設(shè)備接地······202

12.7 保護等電位聯(lián)結(jié)······203

12.8 屏蔽接地及防靜電接地······204

12.9 智能化系統(tǒng)接地······205

12.10 潮濕場所的安全防護······206

13 建筑電氣防火······214

13.1 一般規(guī)定······214

13.2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)置······214

13.3 火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······216

13.4 消防設(shè)施聯(lián)動控制設(shè)計······219

13.5 電氣火災(zāi)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······223

13.6 消防應(yīng)急照明系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······225

13.7 系統(tǒng)供電······228

13.8 線纜選擇及敷設(shè)······232

13.9 非消防負荷線纜與通信電纜的選擇······234

14 安全技術(shù)防范系統(tǒng)······237

14.1 一般規(guī)定······237

14.2 入侵報警系統(tǒng)······238

14.3 視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)······239

14.4 出入口控制系統(tǒng)······245

14.5 電子巡查系統(tǒng)······247

14.6 停車庫（場）管理系統(tǒng)······248

14.7 樓宇對講系統(tǒng)······249

14.8 傳輸線路······250

14.9 安防監(jiān)控中心······250

14.10 安防綜合管理系統(tǒng)······251

14.11 應(yīng)急響應(yīng)系統(tǒng)······252

15 有線電視和衛(wèi)星電視接收系統(tǒng)······253

15.1 一般規(guī)定······253

15.2 有線電視系統(tǒng)設(shè)計原則······253

15.3 有線電視系統(tǒng)接入······254

15.4 衛(wèi)星電視接收系統(tǒng)······255

15.5 自設(shè)前端······256

15.6 HFC 接入分配網(wǎng)······257

15.7 IP接入分配網(wǎng)······258

15.8 傳輸線路選擇······259

16 公共廣播與廳堂擴聲系統(tǒng)······261

16.1 一般規(guī)定······261

16.2 公共廣播系統(tǒng)······262

16.3 廳堂擴聲系統(tǒng)······263

16.4 設(shè)備選擇······265

16.5 設(shè)備布置······267

16.6 線路及敷設(shè)······270

16.7 控制室······271

16.8 供電電源防雷與接地······272

17 呼叫信號和信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)······273

17.1 一般規(guī)定······273

17.2 呼叫信號系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······273

17.3 信息引導(dǎo)及發(fā)布系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······277

17.4 時鐘系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······279

17.5 設(shè)備選擇及機房······281

17.6 供電電源、防雷與接地······282

18 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)······283

18.1 一般規(guī)定······283

18.2 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)······284

18.3 管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)層······285

18.4 控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)層······286

18.5 現(xiàn)場網(wǎng)絡(luò)層······289

18.6 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的軟件······290

18.7 現(xiàn)場儀表的選擇······292

18.8 冷熱源系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······293

18.9 空調(diào)及通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······297

18.10 給水與排水系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······301

18.11 供配電系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測······302

18.12 照明系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······303

18.13 電梯和自動扶梯系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······303

18.14 建筑設(shè)備一體化監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)······303

19 信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)······305

19.1 一般規(guī)定······305

19.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計原則······305

19.3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)邏輯設(shè)計······306

19.4 網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)物理設(shè)計······307

19.5 網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全······308

19.6 網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器選擇······309

19.7 網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)設(shè)計······309

19.8 網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用規(guī)劃······310

19.9 無線局域網(wǎng)絡(luò)······310

20 通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)······312

20.1 一般規(guī)定······312

20.2 信息接入系統(tǒng)······312

20.3 用戶電話交換系統(tǒng)······314

20.4 數(shù)字無線對講系統(tǒng)······317

20.5 移動通信室內(nèi)信號覆蓋系統(tǒng)······324

20.6 甚小口徑衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)······327

20.7 數(shù)字微波通信系統(tǒng)······328

20.8 會議系統(tǒng)······330

20.9 多媒體教學(xué)系統(tǒng)······341

21 綜合布線系統(tǒng)······352

21.1 一般規(guī)定······352

21.2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······352

21.3 系統(tǒng)配囂······359

21.4 系統(tǒng)指標······362

21.5 設(shè)備間及電信間······364

21.6 工作區(qū)設(shè)備······365

21.7 線纜選擇和敷設(shè)······365

21.8 接地······367

22 電磁兼容與電磁環(huán)境衛(wèi)生······369

22.1 一般規(guī)定······369

22.2 電磁環(huán)境衛(wèi)生······369

22.3 供配電系統(tǒng)的諧波防治······371

22.4 電子信息系統(tǒng)的電磁兼容設(shè)計······373

22.5 接地與等電位聯(lián)結(jié)······374

23 智能化系統(tǒng)機房······375

23.1 一般規(guī)定······375

23.2 機房設(shè)置······375

23.3 機房設(shè)計與布置······378

23.4 環(huán)境條件和對相關(guān)專業(yè)的要求······381

23.5 機房供電、接地及防靜電······385

23.6 消防與安全······386

24 建筑電氣節(jié)能······388

24.1 一般規(guī)定······388

24.2 供配電系統(tǒng)節(jié)能設(shè)計······388

24.3 電氣照明的節(jié)能設(shè)計······390

24.4 動力裝置的節(jié)能設(shè)計······392

24.5 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)節(jié)能設(shè)計······392

24.6 其他······394

25 建筑電氣綠色設(shè)計······395

25.1 一般規(guī)定······395

25.2 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)······396

25.3 導(dǎo)光設(shè)備······399

25.4 能效監(jiān)管系統(tǒng)······400

26 弱電線路布線系統(tǒng)······404

26.1 一般規(guī)定······404

26.2 園區(qū)綜合管道······408

26.3 園區(qū)配線設(shè)施······413

26.4 建筑物引入管······415

26.5 建筑物內(nèi)配線管網(wǎng)······417

26.6 建筑物內(nèi)配線設(shè)施······422

附錄A 民用建筑中各類建筑物的主要用電負荷分級······425

附錄B 建筑物、入戶設(shè)施年預(yù)計雷擊次數(shù)及可接受的年平均雷擊次數(shù)的計算······434

附錄C 浴盆和淋浴甕（間）區(qū)域的劃分······439

附錄D 游泳池和戲水池區(qū)域的劃分······442

附錄E 噴水池區(qū)域的劃分······444

附錄F 聲壓級及揚聲器所需功率計算······445

附錄G 各類建筑物的混響時間推薦值及纜線規(guī)格計算與選擇······447

本標準用詞說明······448

引用標準名錄······449

附：條文說明······454

1 總則······466

2 術(shù)語和縮略語······468

3 供配電系統(tǒng)······469

3.1 一般規(guī)定······469

3.2 負荷分級及供電要求······469

3.3 電源及供配電系統(tǒng)······474

3.4 電壓等級選擇和電能質(zhì)量······477

3.5 負荷計算······479

3.6 無功補償······480

4 變電所······482

4.1 一般規(guī)定······482

4.2 所址選擇······482

4.3 配電變壓器選擇······482

4.4 主接線及電器選擇······484

4.5 變電所型式和布置······485

4.6 35kV、20kV、10kV 配電裝置······486

4.7 低壓配電裝置······486

4.8 并聯(lián)電力電容器裝置······487

4.9 所用電源及操作電源······487

4.10 對土建專業(yè)的要求······488

5 繼電保護、自動裝置及電氣測量······490

5.1 一般規(guī)定······490

5.2 繼電保護的基本規(guī)定······490

5.3 配電變壓器保護······491

5.4 20kV 或 10kV 線路保護······492

5.5 35kV 線路保護······493

5.6 35kV、20kV 或10kV 母線分段斷路器保護······493

5.7 并聯(lián)電容器保護······493

5.8 10kV 異步電動機（電動機容量＜2MW）保護······495

5.9 備用電源自動投入裝置······495

5.10 應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機組與正常電源的切換······495

5.13 二次回路······496

5.14 中央信號裝置······497

5.15 電氣測量······498

5.16 電能計量······498

6 自備電源······499

6.1 自備柴油發(fā)電機組······499

6.2 應(yīng)急電源······509

6.3 不間斷電源······511

7 低壓配電······514

7.1 一般規(guī)定······514

7.2 低壓配電系統(tǒng)······514

7.3 特低電壓配電······515

7.4 導(dǎo)體選擇······516

7.5 低壓電器的選擇······523

7.6 低壓配電線路的保護······527

7.7 低壓配電系統(tǒng)的電擊防護······529

8 配電線路布線系統(tǒng)······531

8.1 一般規(guī)定······531

8.2 直敷布線······532

8.3 剛性金屬導(dǎo)管布線······533

8.4 可彎曲金屬導(dǎo)管布線······533

8.5 電纜橋架布線······534

8.6 剛性塑料導(dǎo)管（槽）布線······535

8.7 電力電纜布線······536

8.8 預(yù)制分支電纜布線······538

8.9 耐火電纜和礦物絕緣電纜布線······539

8.10 母線槽布線······540

8.11 電氣豎井內(nèi)布線······541

8.12 鋁合金電纜布線······541

8.13 照明母線槽布線······543

9 常用設(shè)備電氣裝置······544

9.1 一般規(guī)定······544

9.2 電動機······544

9.3 電梯、自動扶梯和自動人行道······553

9.4 自動旋轉(zhuǎn)門、電動門、電動卷簾門和電動伸縮門窗······556

9.5 舞臺用電及放映設(shè)備······557

9.6 醫(yī)用設(shè)備······560

9.7 交流充電樁······562

9.8 其他用電設(shè)備······563

10 電氣照明······564

10.1 一般規(guī)定······564

10.2 照明方式與種類······564

10.3 照度水平與照明質(zhì)量······566

10.4 應(yīng)急照明······568

10.5 照明光源與燈具······569

10.6 照明供電與控制······572

10.7 景觀照明······575

11 民用建筑物防雷······578

11.1 一般規(guī)定······578

11.2 建筑物的防雷分類······579

11.3 第二類防雷建筑物的雷電防護措施······580

11.4 第三類防雷建筑物的雷電防護措施······582

11.5 其他防雷保護措施······582

11.6 接閃器······584

11.7 引下線······584

11.8 接地網(wǎng)······585

11.9 雷電電磁脈沖防護······588

11.10 防雷裝置的材料要求······588

12 電氣裝置接地和特殊場所的電氣安全防護······589

12.1 一般規(guī)定······589

12.2 交流電氣裝置接地的范圍······589

12.3 交流電氣裝置的接地和接地電阻······589

12.4 低壓配電系統(tǒng)的接地形式和基本要求······591

12.5 接地裝置······607

12.6 通用用電設(shè)備接地······613

12.7 保護等電位聯(lián)結(jié)······613

12.9 智能化系統(tǒng)接地······616

12.10 潮濕場所的安全防護······616

13 建筑電氣防火······618

13.1 一般規(guī)定······618

13.2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)置······618

13.3 火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······619

13.4 消防設(shè)施聯(lián)動控制設(shè)計······621

13.5 電氣火災(zāi)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······622

13.6 消防應(yīng)急照明系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······624

13.7 系統(tǒng)供電······627

13.8 線纜選擇及敷設(shè)······630

13.9 非消防負荷線纜與通信電纜的選擇······634

14 安全技術(shù)防范系統(tǒng)······636

14.1 一般規(guī)定······636

14.2 入侵報警系統(tǒng)······636

14.3 視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)······637

14.4 出入口控制系統(tǒng)······639

14.5 電子巡查系統(tǒng)······640

14.6 停車庫（場）管理系統(tǒng)······641

14.7 樓宇對講系統(tǒng)······641

14.8 傳輸線路······641

14.9 安防監(jiān)控中心······641

14.10 安防綜合管理系統(tǒng)······642

14.11 應(yīng)急響應(yīng)系統(tǒng)······643

15 有線電視和衛(wèi)星電視接收系統(tǒng)······644

15.1 一般規(guī)定······644

15.2 有線電視系統(tǒng)設(shè)計原則······644

15.3 有線電視系統(tǒng)接入······647

15.4 衛(wèi)星電視接收系統(tǒng)······648

15.5 自設(shè)前端······649

15.6 HFC 接入分配網(wǎng)······649

15.7 IP接入分配網(wǎng)······651

15.8 傳輸線路選擇······653

16 公共廣播與廳堂擴聲系統(tǒng)······655

16.1 一般規(guī)定······655

16.2 公共廣播系統(tǒng)······655

16.3 廳堂擴聲系統(tǒng)······657

16.4 設(shè)備選擇······658

16.5 設(shè)備布置······659

16.6 線路及敷設(shè)······661

16.7 控制室······661

16.8 供電電源防雷與接地······662

17 呼叫信號和信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)······663

17.1 一般規(guī)定······663

17.2 呼叫信號系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······663

17.3 信息引導(dǎo)及發(fā)布系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······665

17.4 時鐘系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······667

17.5 設(shè)備選擇及機房······668

17.6 供電電源、防雷與接地······668

18 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)······669

18.1 一般規(guī)定······669

18.2 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)······670

18.3 管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)層······672

18.4 控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)層······673

18.5 現(xiàn)場網(wǎng)絡(luò)層······675

18.6 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的軟件······676

18.7 現(xiàn)場儀表的選擇······676

18.8 冷熱源系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······677

18.9 空調(diào)及通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······678

18.10 給水與排水系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······680

18.11 供配電系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測······681

18.12 照明系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控······681

18.14 建筑設(shè)備一體化監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)······682

19 信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)······684

19.1 一般規(guī)定······684

19.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計原則······688

19.3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)邏輯設(shè)計······689

19.4 網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)物理設(shè)計······691

19.5 網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全······694

19.6 網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器選擇······697

19.7 網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)設(shè)計······698

19.8 網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用規(guī)劃······699

19.9 無線局域網(wǎng)絡(luò)······700

20 通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)······704

20.1 一般規(guī)定······704

20.2 信息接入系統(tǒng)······704

20.3 用戶電話交換系統(tǒng)······706

20.4 數(shù)字無線對講系統(tǒng)······707

20.5 移動通信室內(nèi)信號覆蓋系統(tǒng)······709

20.6 甚小口徑衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng)······713

20.7 數(shù)字微波通信系統(tǒng)······713

20.8 會議系統(tǒng)······714

20.9 多媒體教學(xué)系統(tǒng)······723

21 綜合布線系統(tǒng)······736

21.1 一般規(guī)定······736

21.2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計······737

21.3 系統(tǒng)配囂······740

21.4 系統(tǒng)指標······741

21.5 設(shè)備間及電信間······751

21.6 工作區(qū)設(shè)備······753

21.7 線纜選擇和敷設(shè)······753

21.8 接地······755

22 電磁兼容與電磁環(huán)境衛(wèi)生······756

22.1 一般規(guī)定······756

22.2 電磁環(huán)境衛(wèi)生······756

22.3 供配電系統(tǒng)的諧波防治······756

23 智能化系統(tǒng)機房······759

23.1 一般規(guī)定······759

23.2 機房設(shè)置······759

23.3 機房設(shè)計與布置······761

23.4 環(huán)境條件和對相關(guān)專業(yè)的要求······762

23.5 機房供電、接地及防靜電······762

23.6 消防與安全······762

24 建筑電氣節(jié)能······763

24.1 一般規(guī)定······763

24.2 供配電系統(tǒng)節(jié)能設(shè)計······764

24.3 電氣照明的節(jié)能設(shè)計······765

24.4 動力裝置的節(jié)能設(shè)計······767

24.5 建筑設(shè)備監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)節(jié)能設(shè)計······768

24.6 其他······769

25 建筑電氣綠色設(shè)計······770

25.1 一般規(guī)定······770

25.2 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)······771

25.3 導(dǎo)光設(shè)備······775

25.4 能效監(jiān)管系統(tǒng)······776

26 弱電線路布線系統(tǒng)······782

26.1 一般規(guī)定······782

26.2 園區(qū)綜合管道······785

26.4 建筑物引入管······791

26.5 建筑物內(nèi)配線管網(wǎng)······792

26.6 建筑物內(nèi)配線設(shè)施······794